參加英語學術講座心得體會大綱
篇一：學術英語寫作總結
Part Academic English Writing （專業英語寫作） Chapter 1 Six Considerations in Academic Writing
1、Academic writing is a product of many consideration : audience, purpose and strategy ,organization, style, flow and presentation.
（學術寫作六要素：寫作對象，目的，組織結構，文體特徵，表達連貫和宣講 或宣讀）。
2、Organization usually has the following four parts : 問題-解決方法包括四個部分
(1) description of a situation（描述情況）
(2) Identification of a problem （甄別問題）
(3) Description of a solution（描述解決方法）
(4) Evaluation of the solution （評估解決方法）
3、Formal Grammar Style：（正規的語法風格）
(1) Generally avoid contractions（一般來講避免使用略縮詞）
例：won’t改爲will not
(2) Use the more appropriate formal negative forms （使用更爲適宜的正規的否定 形式）
例：改爲改爲little 改爲few
(3) Limit the use of “run-on” expressions, such as and so forth and etc. （限制使用 多個詞連用的表達法）
例：句子內不能出現and so forth和etc.出現時應將省略的部分擴展出來。
(4) Avoid addressing the reader as you(except, of course, if you are writing atextbook or other instructional materials).（避免向讀者說“你”）
例：You can see the results in Table 1.
改爲：The results can be seen in Table 1.
(5) Be careful about using direct questions. In some fields they are common, while in others they are not.（使用直接引語時需謹慎）
例：What can be done to lower costs
改爲： It is necessary to consider how costs may be lowered.
或者We now need to consider how costs may be lowered.
(6) Place adverb within the verb. （將副詞放於動詞詞組內） 例：This model was developed by Krugman originally.
改爲：This model was originally developed by Krugman.
(7) Consider whether you should split infinitives.（考慮是否該使用割裂不定式） 例：We need to adequately meet the needs of those eolled in the program.
(8) Aim for an efficient use of words.（目的是爲了有效地使用詞彙） 例：There are some inorganic materials that can be used by bioengineers in theprocess of tissue engineering that have been shown to be very promising. 改爲：Some inorganic materials used in tissue engineering have shown great promise.
習題：
（1）You can use this model to analyze the effects of several parameter changes. 錯誤：使用了you。
改爲：This model can be used to analyze the effects of several parameter changes.
（2）OK, what are the reasons that coffee prices have fallenThere’re a lot of possibilities.
錯誤：使用了口語OK；直接引語的使用；使用了縮略詞There’re。
改爲：Coffee prices have fallen for many reasons.
（3）You can see the difference between these two approaches to designing underground subway stations clearly.
錯誤：使用了you；將副詞clearly放在了句尾。
改爲：The difference between these two approaches to designing undergroundsubway station can clearly be seen.
（4）Recent research has shown that the arms are used commonly for protection during a fall to the ground.
錯誤：將副詞commonly放在了動詞之後。
改爲：Recent research has shown that the arms are commonly used for protection during a fall to the ground.
（5）So far, there hasn’t been any comprehensive study looking into the role of smiling in getting the initial trust of individuals.
錯誤：使用了So far；使用了there be 結構；使用了結構；使用了非正式的looking into。
改爲：To date, no comprehensive study has examined the role of smiling in gaining the initial trust of individual.
（6）There are some studies that have concluded that bamboo could be used bybuilders more widely than it is now as a construction material.
錯誤：使用了there be 結構；副詞widely 位置放錯。
改爲：Some studies have concluded that bamboo could be more widely used
than it is now as a construction material.
（7）These special tax laws have been enacted in six states: Illinois, Iowa,Ohio,etc. 錯誤：使用了etc。
改爲：These special tax laws have been enacted in six mid western states: Illinois, Iowa, Indiana, Ohio, Michigan, and Minnesota.
（8）There isn’t very much research on the use of oil palm shell as coarse aggregate in the production of concrete.
錯誤：使用了there be 結構；使用了 much。
改爲：Little research has been done on the use of oil palm shell as coarse aggregate in the production of concrete.
Chapter 2 Two Underlying Structures in Academic Writing
（專業寫作的兩個基本結構）
1、Two underlying structures in academic writing：（專業寫作的兩個基本結構）
(1) general-specific structure （泛論-特指(GS)結構）
(2) problem-process-solution structure（問題-過程-解決方法）
2、GS texts usually begin with one of the following:
（GS文本通常以下列一種形式開始）
(1) A short or extended definition （簡短或拓展定義）
(2) A contrastive or comparative definition （對比或比較定義）
(3) A generalization or purpose statement（一般化或目標性陳述）
(4) A statement of fact. （事實陳述）
3、Super ordinate-category word：technique, method, process, device, and system. （超級座標詞）
4、Deletions（刪除）：在下列情況下，你可以減少限制性關係代詞
A. 定語從句僅有關係代詞、be動詞、一個或多個介詞短語
B. 定語從句由被動態動詞加上一些額外的信息
C. 定語從句含有關係代詞、以-ble結尾的形容詞和額外的信息 例題：p23
(1). metal that is often used —> metal often used
(2). device that is capable of —> device capable of
(3). roof which is on top of —> roof on top of
(4). precipitation which results from —> precipitation resulting from
(5). This sentence cannot be reduced.
(6). flute that is pitched an octave higher ---> flute pitched an octave
higher
(7). a process that involves the selective transport—> a process
involving the selective transport
(8). a celestial body which has approximately the same mass —> a
celestial body with approximately the same mass
5、考題類型：句子排序 例題：P27
6、Comparative Definitions（對比性定義）
（1）比較定義基本上有兩類：
1) 呈現一個概念是如何隨着時間的流逝而變化 的這樣一種史實陳述。
2) 呈現對當代各位專家是怎樣不同地看待此概 念所做的一個全面性的評述。
7、Participle（分詞）
例題：P39
（1）The oil is skimmed from the surface by using a boom and then pumped into a tank for recycling.
（2）After being harvested, the grapes are crushed to release the pulp and seed and then fermented for three weeks.
（3）First, the glass is cut to size and inspected to determine if it has any
imperfections. It is then heated to over 600oC and cooled in a step known as quenching.
8、詞和詞型的變換P23-P25
篇二：英文學術報告
摘要：隨着通信網絡的日益發展及3G與4G的應用與推廣，第五代移動通信技術（5G），這一面向2020年之後產業發展的新一代移動通信技術系統，目前已經成爲國內外移動通信領域的研究熱點。研討會上，專家們分析了未來無線通信領域研究面臨的機遇和挑戰，並結合各自的研究方向，介紹了最新研究成果。 關鍵詞 ：HIVWi-Fi Massive MIMO 5G
一、5G的發展前景及技術認知
申濱教授和柴榮教授就5G的現今發展狀況和一些研究此項目的途徑做了一些講解。Krzysztof Wesolowski教授和大家一起探討了5G的發展前景。
衆所周知，1G主要解決語音通信的問題;2G可支持窄帶的分組數據通信，最高理論速率爲236kbps;3G在2G的基礎上，發展了諸如圖像、音樂、視頻流的高帶寬多媒體通信，並提高了語音通話安全性，解決了部分移動互聯網相關網絡及高速數據傳輸問題，最高理論速率爲14.4Mbps;4G是專爲移動互聯網而設計的通信技術，從網速、容量、穩定性上相比之前的技術都有了跳躍性的提升，傳輸速度可達100Mbit/s,甚至更高。
5G彌補了4G技術的不足，在吞吐率、時延、連接數量、能耗等方面進一步提升系統性能。它採取數字全IP技術，支持和分組交換，它既不是單一的技術演進，也不是幾個全新的無線接入技術，而是整合了新型無線接入技術和現有無線接入技術(WLAN，4G、3G、2G等)，通過集成多種技術來滿足不同的需求，是一個真正意義上的融合網絡。並且，由於融合，5G可以延續使用4G、3G的基礎設施資源，並實現與4G、3G、2G的共存。
5G將可提供超級容量的帶寬，短距離傳輸速率是10Gbps，是目前LTE的100倍。由於實現了多種網絡技術的融合，因此5G也可以打破現有頻譜資源的制約，實現全頻譜通信;更重要的是，通過集成多種無線接入解決方案，5G技術將可以把人類社會徹底帶入網絡社會，實現萬物互聯。5G的核心無疑是異構網的融合，它不同於之前的移動通信技術，需要考慮的是技術的融合與應用，其網絡構架也
有更復雜的要求，需要研究以下技術：支持高速移動互聯的新型網絡架構、高密度新型分佈式協作與自組織組網、異構系統無線資源聯合調配技術等 。
二．無線通信的應用發展
在這一塊，周牧教授跟大家討論了關於“個人移動建設基於衆包的wi - fi室內映射”的課題。
首先衆包指的是一個公司或機構把過去由員工執行的工作任務,以自由自願的形式外包給非特定的(而且通常是大型的)大衆網絡的做法。衆包的任務通常是由個人來承擔,但如果涉及到需要多人協作完成的任務,也有可能以依靠開源的個體生產的形式出現。以3G技術與智能化終端的發展奠定的基礎,經濟社會進步爲條件,受衆的主動性需求爲直接動力,衆包作爲實現手段,移動互聯作爲創新性媒介走入了我們的視線。一、基於“衆包”的移動互聯傳播創新現狀移動互聯是時代的產物,是移動設備與互聯網雙重優勢結合的`智能化產物,具有攜帶便捷,操作簡單、私有屬性,高隱私度等特點。這些特點都爲其藉助“衆包”實現創新性傳播提供了基礎:1.個性化解決:隨着社會的發展,“以人爲本”已經成爲各行各業的基準,人們對於個體越來越重視,而受衆也有了更多個人化的要求,移動互聯對於這種要求有着天然的優勢。移動終端的私有屬性,使得它在保留傳播共性的同時,還可以針對個體進行個性傳播。
此外黎勇博士和黃曉舸博士也分別就無線通信應用這一塊發表了自己的看法，展示了自己的研究成果。
三 、心得體會
這次全程英文交流的研討會使我深深地開始反省自己。首先感悟最深的是我的英文水平，這些專家的英文讓我有種望塵莫及的感覺，聽着他們流利的英文，再想想自己蹩腳的英文口語，確實讓自己收到了打擊。英文只是一方面，專家們接下來的一系列通信專業詞彙也讓我有一種深深的無力感。雖然聽得不大懂，但我還是對專家們所講的5G有一種很深的期待之情。世界在發展，科技在發展，在這個以信息爲載體和主題的時代裏，要對信息隨時保持着靈敏的嗅覺，這樣才能抓住機遇。總的來說，這次英文學術研討會，讓我看到了自己的不足，我以後
回更加努力學習英語，學習通信專業知識，爲以後中國通信事業的發展貢獻出自己的力量。
篇三：學術英語寫作總結
part academic english writing （專業英語寫作） chapter 1 six considerations in academic writing
1、academic writing is a product of many consideration : audience, purpose, organization, style, flow and presentation.
（學術寫作六要素：寫作對象，目的，組織結構，文體特徵，表達連貫和宣講 或宣讀）。
2、organization usually has the following four parts : 問題-解決方法包括四個部分
(1) description of a situation（描述情況）
(2) identification of a problem （甄別問題）
(3) description of a solution（描述解決方法）
(4) evaluation of the solution （評估解決方法）
3、formal grammar style：（正規的語法風格）
(1) generally avoid contractions（一般來講避免使用略縮詞）
例：won’t改爲will not
(2) use the more appropriate formal negative forms （使用更爲適宜的正規的否定 形式）
例：改爲改爲little 改爲few
(3) limit the use of “run-on” expressions, such as and so forth and etc. （限制使用 多個詞連用的表達法）
例：句子內不能出現and so forth和etc.出現時應將省略的部分擴展出來。
(4) avoid addressing the reader as you(except, of course, if you are writing a textbook or other instructional materials).（避免向讀者說“你”） 例：you can see the results in table 1.
改爲：the results can be seen in table 1.
改爲： it is necessary to consider how costs may be lowered.
或者we now need to consider how costs may be lowered.
(6) place adverb within the verb. （將副詞放於動詞詞組內） 例：this model was developed by krugman originally.
改爲：this model was originally developed by krugman.
(7) consider whether you should split infinitives.（考慮是否該使用割裂不定式） 例：we need to adequately meet the needs of those eolled in the program.
(8) aim for an efficient use of words.（目的是爲了有效地使用詞彙） 例：there are some inorganic materials that can be used by bioengineers in theprocess of tissue engineering that have been shown to be very promising. 改爲：some inorganic materials used in tissue engineering have shown great promise. 習題：
（1）you can use this model to analyze the effects of several parameter changes. 錯誤：使用了you。
改爲：this model can be used to analyze the effects of several parameter changes.
（2）ok, what are the reasons that coffee prices have fallenthere’re a lot of possibilities.
錯誤：使用了口語ok；直接引語的使用；使用了縮略詞there’re。
改爲：coffee prices have fallen for many reasons.
（3）you can see the difference between these two approaches to designing underground subway stations clearly.
錯誤：使用了you；將副詞clearly放在了句尾。
改爲：the difference between these two approaches to designing undergroundsubway station can clearly be seen.
錯誤：使用了so far；使用了there be 結構；使用了結構；使用了非正式的looking into。
（6）there are some studies that have concluded that bamboo could be used bybuilders more widely than it is now as a construction material.
錯誤：使用了there be 結構；副詞widely 位置放錯。
改爲：some studies have concluded that bamboo could be more widely usedthan it is now as a construction material.
（7）these special tax laws have been enacted in six states: illinois, iowa,ohio,etc. 錯誤：使用了etc。
改爲：these special tax laws have been enacted in six mid western states: illinois, iowa, indiana, ohio, michigan, and minnesota.
（8）there isn’t very much research on the use of oil palm shell as coarse aggregate in the production of concrete.
錯誤：使用了there be 結構；使用了 much。
改爲：little research has been done on the use of oil palm shell as coarse aggregate in the production of ter 2 two underlying structures in academic writing
（專業寫作的兩個基本結構）
1、two underlying structures in academic writing：（專業寫作的兩個基本結構）
(1) general-specific structure （泛論-特指(gs)結構）
(2) problem-process-solution structure（問題-過程-解決方法）
2、gs texts usually begin with one of the following:
（gs文本通常以下列一種形式開始）
(1) a short or extended definition（簡短或拓展定義）
(3) a generalization or purpose statement（一般化或目標性陳述）
(4) a statement of fact.（事實陳述）
3、super ordinate-category word：technique, method, process, device, and system. （超級座標詞）
4、deletions（刪除）：在下列情況下，你可以減少限制性關係代詞
a. 定語從句僅有關係代詞、be動詞、一個或多個介詞短語
b. 定語從句由被動態動詞加上一些額外的信息
c. 定語從句含有關係代詞、以-ble結尾的形容詞和額外的信息 例題：p23
(1). metal that is often used —> metal often used
(2). device that is capable of —> device capable of
(3). roof which is on top of —> roof on top of
(4). precipitation which results from —> precipitation resulting from
(5). this sentence cannot be reduced.
(6). flute that is pitched an octave higher ---> flute pitched an octave
higher
(7). a process that involves the selective transport—> a process
involving the selective transport
(8). a celestial body which has approximately the same mass —> a
celestial body with approximately the same mass
5、考題類型：句子排序 例題：p27
（1）比較定義基本上有兩類：
1) 呈現一個概念是如何隨着時間的流逝而變化 的這樣一種史實陳述。
2) 呈現對當代各位專家是怎樣不同地看待此概 念所做的一個全面性的評述。7、participle（分詞）
例題：p39
（1）the oil is skimmed from the surface by using a boom and then pumped into a tank for recycling.
（2）after being harvested, the grapes are crushed to release the pulp and seed and then fermented for three weeks.
（3）first, the glass is cut to size and inspected to determine if it has any imperfections. it is then heated to over 600oc and cooled in a step known as quenching.
8、詞和詞型的變換p23-p25
1、in many disciplines the data is displayed in a table, graph, figure, or some other kind of non-verbal illustration.（在許多學科中，數據信息都是以圖表、圖形、 數據統計圖或非口頭圖示的方式展示出來。）
a、location elements and/or summary statements.（定位要素和/或總結陳述） b、highlighting statements.（強調陳述內容）
3、location elements and summaries.（定位要素和總結）
c、verbs in indicative and informatives summaries.（用在陳述性和信息性總結 中的動詞）
d、language focus:linking as-clause.（語言聚焦：連接詞as引出的從句）
chapter 4 summary and abstract writing（總結與摘要寫作）
1、principle requirements for a good summary（一份良好的任務總結具備四個主 要需求）
(2) it should present the source material in an accurate and objective fashion.（它應以 精確、客觀的形式呈現來源材料）
(3) it should condense the source material and be presented in the summary writer’s own words and avoid terminology.（ 它應凝縮來源材料並以總結寫作者自己的 文字呈現出來,而且要避免用專業術語）
(4) provide an independently referential summary, and keep the length in control.（提 供完全獨立的參閱性總結，並能控制其文章長度）
2、寫作總結的基本步驟
(1)快速略讀文本，腦中注意小標題。若無小標 題，試將文本分成幾部分。
(2)考慮清楚爲什麼給了你這個文本。確定你在 處理哪種類型的文本,即:來源文本類型
(3)讀文本，標示重要的信息或者作筆記
(4)用你自己的詞彙寫下每一部分的要點。每一 部分儘量寫出一個一句話 的總結。
(5)對每一個主要題目，寫下關鍵的佐證點，但 必要時也要包括小的細節。
(6)再次仔細檢查這個過程，做些適當的變動。
3、basic structure of abstract writing（摘要寫作的基本結構）
（1）topic sentence（主題句）
（2）supporting sentences（佐證句）
（3）concluding sentence（結論句）
4、p70-p72的例句，寫作時會用得上。
5、summary and abstract 兩個詞要會寫，以及知道兩者的區別，其中summary 要分三段來寫，abstract不分段。part ii basal english writing （基礎英語寫作） chapter 1 punctuation（標點符號）
2、the period（句號）
3、the semicolon（分號）
4、the colon（冒號）
5、the question mark（問號）
6、the quotation mark（引號）
7、the exclamation mark（感嘆號）
8、the dash（破折號）
9、italics and underlining（斜體字和下劃線）
10、練習題：p96-97
11、本節所有的例句都要仔細看 ※chapter 2 vocabulary（詞彙）
1、levels of diction : formal and informal, abstract（抽象） and concrete（具體）, and general（籠統） and specific（特指）. it also includes how to appreciate theconnotative（引申含義） as well as denotative（字面含義，本義） meanings of words.
2、english words can be categorized as（分爲） formal, informal and colloquial（口 語的）.
3、練習題：1/p102
4、練習題：p109-p113chapter 3 english sentence writing（英語句子寫作）
1、types of sentences（句子的類型） p114
（1）according to structure （根據結構）
① simple sentences（簡單句）
（2）according to use（根據功能）
① declarative sentences （陳述句）
② interrogative sentences （疑問句）
③ imperative sentences （祈使句）
④ exclamatory sentences （感嘆句）
（3）according to rhetoric （根據修辭）
① loose sentences （鬆散句，主體部分放在前面）
② periodic sentences （掉尾句，主體部分放在最後） ※
③ balanced sentences （平行句）
④ long and short sentences （長、短句）
2、練習題（p121）
改爲：he thought the painting was of little value, so he let me have it for onlyten pounds.（或者he thought the painting was of little value and he let me have it
for only ten pounds.）
（2）i always take my raincoat whenever i go out these days.(periodic)
改爲：whenever i go out these days, i always take my raincoat.
改爲：when they were on holiday, their house was broken into and some valuable paintings were stolen.
改爲：after the firemen fought for three hours, they finally managed to put out the fire.
（6）the train is going to dalian. the train leaves at 20:15. (simple)
改爲：the train to dalian leaves at 20:15.
（7）in spite of the interruption, he was able to finish all his exercises before the class was over. (loose)
改爲：he was able to finish all his exercises before the class was over in spiteof the interruption.
（8）many people choose travel by air. it is fast. it offers convenience. it is not very expensive. (parallel structure)
改爲：many people choose travel by air, because it is fast, convenient and not very expensive.
3、練習題 p121
（1）履歷通常包括個人信息、教育背景、工作經歷和過去的成就。
譯：a resume generally consists of personal information, educational background, employment history and past achievements.
（2）戴安娜在南京醫科大學主修中醫學。
譯：diana is majoring in chinese traditional medicine in nanjing medicaluniversity.
（3）請代我向你父母致以問候。
譯：please send my best regards to your parents.
（4）現代高等教育應該具有前瞻性，超越眼前的社會需求。
譯：modern college education should be far-sighted and able to see beyond the immediate needs of the society.
（5）這種細菌是引起現在流行病的原因嗎？
譯：is this bacterium responsible for the current epidemic
（6）經常回顧昨天，你就會珍惜今天，嚮往明天。
譯：take a frequent and backward look at your yesterday, and you will valueyour today and look forward to your tomorrow.
（7）中國傳統知識分子認爲：窮則獨善其身，達則兼濟天下。
譯：traditional chinese intellectuals hold that one should refine his personal virtue when in poverty, and help save the world when in success.
（8）就算我追求愛情，我也肯定不會只顧沉浸在愛河裏而荒廢學業。
譯：if i did hunt for love, i certainly wouldn’t bathe myself in the river of love all the time, neglecting my studies.（9）學校倡導大學生改變就業觀念，並鼓勵他們把自己的才華和天賦投入到西部大開發中去。
譯：universities promote a change in the concept of employment among the graduates, encourage them to give their talents and genius to the western exploration.
